1 In 2008 it started in summer and ended in fall. Depends on the ppl organizing it though.
2 Make a team with some guys living in your country and sign up (as soon as sign ups are open). If there is more than one team from your nation then there will be a pre tourney, which decides its "official" team. The winning team may recruit players from the losing teams, too. In the bigger soldat nations, the line up usually consists of well known and reputable players from the clan scene (CTF 3on3 of course). As a guide line you can say that if youre a noname in SCTFL and you want to join the team of a bigger soldat nation chances are youre not even going to be considered by the people that matter. In that case you would have to show amazing skills before the SWC and make sure those people see them.
3 The teams usually use servers owned by their member's clans or servers that are shared in different and small heterogenous communities (meaning different ppl have admin there by different means). Surveillance, pings, setup and spectator slots there often are optimized for competitive and international matches. But generally server choice is discussed just before the match.
4 It's "random" people. But there's a selection process of course.